Discrete element method simulation of disc type furrow openers in paddy soil

Fiaz Ahmad, Baijing Qiu, Qishuo Ding, Weimin Ding, Zahid Mehmood Khan, Muhammad Shoaib, Farman Ali Chandio, Abdur Rahim, Abdul Khaliq

Abstract


For granular materials, discrete element modeling is one of the best computer tools to simulate their behavior and interactions. A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance of disc furrow openers in paddy soil. Discrete element simulation was done to develop a 3D DEM model for notched, toothed and double disc furrow openers using EDEM software. Hertz Mindlin contact model with bonding was applied for simulation to fulfill the obligations of the soil moisture and bonding between the cohesive particles. Simulated and field experimental data were compared to determine the applicability in the different working conditions. The results of the simulation validated the applicability of the Hertz-Mindlin contact model with bonding to simulate the no till paddy soil using an extremely narrow tillage tool. The calibrated value of normal and shear stiffness was 5×107 N/m, and the calibrated value of bond normal and shear strength was 3×107 Pa. The relative error (–1.7% to 20.6%) for the double disc furrow opener was lower as compared with that notch typed (29.2% to 44.4%) and toothed type (31.5% to 45.9%) furrow openers.
Keywords: soil tillage, discrete element method, discrete element modeling, furrow opener, paddy soil
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20201304.4800

Citation: Ahmad F, Qiu B J, Ding Q S, Ding W M, Khan Z M, Shoaib M, et al. Discrete element method simulation of disc type furrow openers in paddy soil. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(4): 103–110.

Keywords


soil tillage, discrete element method, discrete element modeling, furrow opener, paddy soil

Full Text:

PDF

References


Fujisaka S, Harrington L, Hobbs P R. Rice–wheat in south Asia: systems and long-term priorities established through diagnostic research. Agricultural Systems, 1994; 46: 169–87.

Byerlee D, Siddiq A. Has the green revolution been sustained? The quantitative impact of the seed-fertilizer revolution in Pakistan revisited. World Development, 1994; 22: 1345–1361.

Hobbs P R. Conservation agriculture: what is it and why is it important for future sustainable food production? Journal of Agricultural Science, 2007;145: 127–137.

Kumar A, Yadav D S. Long term effects of fertilizers on the soil fertility and productivity of a rice–wheat system. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2001; 186: 47–54.

Gupta R, Seth A. A review of resource conserving technologies for sustainable management of the rice–wheat cropping systems of the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP). Crop Protection, 2007; 26: 436–447.

Farooq M, Nawaz A. Weed dynamics and productivity of wheat in conventional and conservation rice-based cropping systems. Soil and Tillage Research, 2014; 141: 1–9.

Janelle L, Tessier S, Lague C. Seeding tool design for no-tillage conditions in north-eastern America. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI, 1995.

Parent G, Tessier S, Allard G, Angers D A. Seedbed characteristics for forages and cereals with no-tillage in the northeast. ASAE, St.Joseph, MI, 1993.

Kushwaha R L, Vaishnav A S, Zoerb G C. Performance of powered-disc coulters under no-till crop residue in the soil bin. Canadian Agricultural Engineering, 1986; 28: 85–90.

Bianchini A, Magalhães P S G. Evaluation of coulters for cutting sugar cane residue in a soil bin. Biosystems Engineering, 2008; 100: 370–375.

Hasimu A, Chen Y. Soil disturbance and draft force of selected seed openers. Soil and Tillage Research, 2014; 140: 48–54.

Conte O, Levien R, Debiasi H, Sturmer S L K, Mazurana M, Muller J. Soil disturbance index as an indicator of seed drill efficiency in no-tillage agrosys-tems. Soil and Tillage Research., 2011; 114: 37–42.

Ahmad F, Ding W, Ding Q, Hussain M, Jabran K. Forces and straw cutting performance of double disc furrow opener in no-till paddy soil. PLoS ONE, 2015; 10(3): 1–14.

Ahmad F, Ding W, Ding Q, Rehim A, Jabran K. Comparative performance of various disc-type furrow openers in no-till paddy field conditions. Sustainability, 2017; 9. 1143. doi: 10.3390/su9071143:15.

Shmulevich I. State of the art modeling of soil–tillage interaction using discrete element method. Soil and Tillage Research, 2010; 111: 41–53.

Karmakar S, Kushwaha R L. Dynamic modeling of soil–tool interaction: An overview from a fluid flow perspective. Journal of Terramechanics, 2006; 43: 411–425.

Hettiaratchi D R P, Witney B D, Reece A R. The calculation of passive pressure in two dimensional soil failure. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 1966; 11: 89–107.

McKyes E, Ali O S. The cutting of soil by narrow blades. Journal of Terramechanics, 1977; 14: 43–58.

McKyes E. Soil cutting and tillage. New York: Elsevier, 1985; 217p.

Sharifat K, Kushwaha R L. Modeling soil movement by tillage tools. Canadian Agricultural Engineering, 2000; 42(4): 165-172.

Zhang Z X, Kushwaha R L. Operating speed effect on the advancing soil failure zone in tillage operation. Canadian Agricultural Engineering, 1999; 41: 87–92.

Godwin R J, O’Dogherty M J, Saunders C, Balafoutis A T. A force prediction model for mouldboard ploughs incorporating the effects of soil characteristic properties, plough geometric factors and ploughing speed. Biosystems Engineering, 2007; 97: 117–129.

Asaf Z, Rubinstein D, Shmulevich I. Determination of discrete element model parameters required for soil tillage. Soil and Tillage Research, 2007; 92: 227–242.

Bentaher H, Ibrahmi A, Hamza E, Hbaieb M, Kantchev G, Maalej A, et al. Finite element simulation of moldboard–soil interaction. Soil and Tillage Research, 2013; 134: 11–16.

Chi L, Kushwaha R L. Three-dimensional, finite element interaction between soil and simple tillage tool. Transactions of ASABE, 1991; 34: 361–366.

Shen J, Kushwaha R K. Soil–machine interactions. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc, 1998; 352p.

Fielke J M. Finite element modelling of the interaction of the cutting edge of tillage implements with soil. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,1999; 74: 91–101.

Plouffe C, Richard M J, Tessier S, Lague.C. Validations of moldboard plow simulations with FEM on a clay soil. Transactions of the ASABE, 1999; 42: 1523–1529.

Abo-Elnor M, Hamilton R, Boyle J T. Simulation of soil–blade interaction for sandy soil using advanced 3D finite element analysis. Soil and Tillage Research, 2004; 75: 61–73.

Karmakar S, Kushawa R L. Simulation of soil deformation around a tillage tool using computational fluid dynamics. Transactions of ASABE, 2005; 48: 23–32.

Karmakar S, Kushawa R L, Lague C. Numerical modelling of soil stress and pressure distribution on a flat tillage tool using computational fluid dynamics. Biosystems Engineering, 2007; 97: 7–14.

Urbán M, Kotrocz K, Kerényi G. Investigation of the soil-tool interaction by SPH (Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics) based simulation. CIGR-AgEng2012 Conference, Valencia Conference Centre, Spain, 2012.

Bui H, Sako K, Fukugawa R, Wells J C. SPH-based numerical simulations for large deformation of geomaterial considering soil-structure Interaction. 12th International Conference of IACMAG, Goa, India, 2008.

Cundall P A, Strack O D L. A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies. Geotechnique, 1971; 29: 47–65.

Tanaka H, Momozo M, Oida A, Yamazaki M. Simulation of soil deformation and resistance at bar penetration by distinct element method. Journal of Terramechanics, 2000; 37: 71–76.

Momozu M, Oida A, Yamazaki M, Koolen A J. Simulation of a soil loosening process by means of the modified distinct element method. Journal of Terramechanics, 2003; 39: 207–220.

Franco Y, Rubinstein D, Shmulevich I. Prediction of soil–bulldozer blade interaction using discrete element method. Transactions of the ASABE, 2007; 50: 345–353.

Shmulevich I, Asaf Z, Rubinstein D. Interaction between soil and a wide cutting blade using the discrete element method. Soil and Tillage Research, 2007; 97: 37–50.

Ono I, Nakashima H, Shimizu H, Miyasaka J, Ohdoi K. Investigation of elemental shape for 3D DEM modeling of interaction between soil and a narrow cutting tool. Journal of Terramechanics, 2013; 50: 265–276.

Obermayr M, Dressler K, Vrettos C, Eberhard P. Prediction of draft forces in cohesionless soil with the Discrete Element Method. Journal of Terramechanics, 2011; 48: 347–358.

Zhang R, Li J. Simulation on mechanical behavior of cohesive soil by Distinct Element Method. Journal of Terramechanics, 2006; 43: 303–316.

Tsuji T, Nakagawa Y, Matsumoto N, Kadono Y, Takayama T, Tanaka T. 3-D DEM simulation of cohesive soil-pushing behavior by bulldozer blade. Journal of Terramechanics, 2012; 49: 37–47.

Okayasue T, Morishita K, Terao H, Muneshi M, Inoue E, Fukami K. Modeling and prediction of soil cutting behavior by a plow. CIGR-AgEng2012 Conference. Valencia Conference Centre, Spain, 2012.

van der Linde J. Discrete element modeling of a vibratory subsoiler. MS dissertation. South Africa: University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 2007; 124p.

Li B, Liu F Y, Mu J Y, Chen J, Han W T. Distinct element method analysis and field experiment of soil resistance applied on the subsoiler. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2014;7(1): 54–59.

Tamás K, Jóri I J, Mouazen A M. Modelling soil–sweep interaction with discrete element method. Soil and Tillage Research, 2013; 134: 223–231.

Mak J, Chen Y, Sadek M A. Determining parameters of a discrete element model for soil–tool interaction. Soil and Tillage Research, 2012; 118: 117–122.

Sadek M A, Chen Y, Liu J. Simulating shear behavior of a sandy soil under different soil conditions. Journal of Terramechanics, 2011; 48: 451–458.

Coetzee C J, Els D N J. Calibration of granular material parameters for DEM modelling and numerical verification by blade–granular material interaction. Journal of Terramechanics, 2009; 46: 15–26.

Ucgul M, Fielke J M, Saunders C. Three-dimensional discrete element modelling of tillage: Determination of a suitable contact model and parameters for a cohesionless soil. Biosystems Engineering, 2014; 121: 105–117.

Chen Y, Munkholm L J, Nyord T. A discrete element model for soil–sweep interaction in three different soils. Soil and Tillage Research, 2013; 126: 34–41.

Ucgul M, Saunders C, Fielke M J. Discrete element modelling of tillage forces and soil movement of a one-third scale mouldboard plough. Biosystems Engineering, 2017; 155: 44–54.

Ucgul M, Fielke M J, Saunders C. 3D DEM tillage simulation: Validation of a hysteretic spring (plastic) contact model for a sweep tool operating in a cohesionless soil. Soil and Tillage Research, 2014; 144: 220–227.

EDEM. EDEM user guide. Edinburgh, UK: DEM Solutions, 2010.

Ahmad F, Weimin D, Qishuo D, Huimin F, Hassan M. 3-D DEM simulation of single disc furrow opener draft force in paddy soil. International Agricultural Enineering Journal, 2014; 24: 17–29.

Mindlin R D. Compliance of elastic bodies in contact. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1949; 16: 259–266.

Potyondy D O, Cundall P A. A bonded-particle model for rock. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2004; 41: 1329–1364.

Tsuji Y, Tanaka T, Ishida T. Lagrangian numerical-simulation of plug flow of cohesionless particles in a horizontal pipe. Powder Technology, 1992; 71: 239–250.




Copyright (c) 2020 International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2023-2026 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office